It is Boenninghausen who went deep into the question of symptoms and elucidated their full significance. It was he who found out that a symptom would be complete when it is taken together with the following factors:
(a) Location : By location is meant the part or function of the body in which the symptom appear ( including its extension,if any).
(b) Sensation: By sensation is meant the nature of the feeling, the kind of sensation whether burning, stinging, aching, throbbing etc.
(c) Modality : Modalities are natural circumstances which aggravate or ameliorate the intensity of the existing symptoms.
(d) Concomitant: The accompanying symptoms which may seem to have no apparent physiological and/or pathological relation to the pathognomic group of symptoms (symptoms on which a diagnosis can be made — common symptoms) in a patient.
Example :-
(i) Involuntary passage of urine while coughing with pain in hip.
(ii) Polyuria with coryza.
(iii) Pain at distant parts of body while coughing e.g. bladder, legs, ears etc.
(a) Location : By location is meant the part or function of the body in which the symptom appear ( including its extension,if any).
(b) Sensation: By sensation is meant the nature of the feeling, the kind of sensation whether burning, stinging, aching, throbbing etc.
(c) Modality : Modalities are natural circumstances which aggravate or ameliorate the intensity of the existing symptoms.
(d) Concomitant: The accompanying symptoms which may seem to have no apparent physiological and/or pathological relation to the pathognomic group of symptoms (symptoms on which a diagnosis can be made — common symptoms) in a patient.
Example :-
(i) Involuntary passage of urine while coughing with pain in hip.
(ii) Polyuria with coryza.
(iii) Pain at distant parts of body while coughing e.g. bladder, legs, ears etc.
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